Siyini isitshalo samabhodlela?
Isitshalo sokufaka amabhodlela siyisakhiwo sezimboni esenzelwe ngqo ukupakisha nokufaka uketshezi emabhodleleni, kusukela emanzini neziphuzo ezibandayo kuya kumajusi namakhemikhali. Le nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ayigxili nje ekukhiqizweni okuphumelelayo kodwa futhi nasekhwalithini nasekuphepheni komkhiqizo wokugcina. Izitshalo zokufaka amabhodlela zibalulekile ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka, zisebenza njengesixhumanisi sokugcina ngaphambi kokuba imikhiqizo ifinyelele kumthengi wokugcina.
Izakhi ezibalulekile zesitshalo sokufaka amabhodlela
Amasistimu wokukhipha
Esinye sezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu uhlelo lokukhipha . Lolu hlelo lunesibopho sokuthola uketshezi oluzofakwa ebhodleleni, kungaba ethangini lokugcina noma ngqo enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Ubuchwepheshe bokupompa umfutho noma izinhlelo zokumunca zisetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi ludluliselwa kahle nangokuphephile entanjeni yamabhodlela.
Inqubo yokuhlunga
Ngaphambi kokuba uketshezi lufike emgqeni wokugcwalisa, kubalulekile ukuthi luhlungwe kahle. Le nqubo isusa ukungcola futhi iqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina uhlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi nobumsulwa . Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlunga, njengezihlungi zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo , izihlungi ze-membrane , kanye nezinhlelo ze-ultrafiltration , ezisetshenziswa kuye ngezidingo zomkhiqizo.
Ukufaka amabhodlela nokulebula
Uma selihlungiwe, uketshezi luya emgqeni wokufaka amabhodlela . Lapha, imishini ezenzakalelayo igcwalisa amabhodlela ngoketshezi. Le nqubo ingenziwa kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukene, njengokugcwalisa amandla adonsela phansi noma ukugcwalisa ingcindezi . Uma amabhodlela esegcwalisiwe, afakwa ilebula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngolwazi oludingekayo, njengegama lomkhiqizo , izithako, kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo zokufaka amabhodlela
Izitshalo zokufaka amabhodlela amanzi
Lezi zindawo zenzelwe ngqo ukufaka amanzi okuphuza emabhodleleni , kokubili emabhodleleni engilazi kanye nawepulasitiki. Enye yezinselele ezinkulu kulezi zinhlobo zezitshalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi agcina ubumsulwa bawo kanye nokusha kwawo ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka amabhodlela. Ubuchwepheshe obufana ne -ozone kanye nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet busetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane emanzini ngaphambi kokufaka amabhodlela.
Izitshalo zokufaka amabhodlela isiphuzo
Ezitshalweni zokufaka iziphuzo emabhodleleni, njengalezo ezikhiqiza iziphuzo ezibandayo namajusi, izinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi ezinezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ziyaphathwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-viscosity , i-carbonation , nezinye izinto ezingathonya inqubo yokufaka amabhodlela kumele zicatshangelwe . Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zitshalo ngokuvamile zinezinhlelo zokusebenzisa kabusha kanye nokuphepha kokudla ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza futhi kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Izitshalo zokufaka amabhodlela amakhemikhali
Emkhakheni wezimboni, kukhona nezitshalo ezizinikele ekufakeni imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali neyemithi emabhodleleni . Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwezimo zokuphepha kanye nokuhlanzeka , njengoba uketshezi lungaba yingozi uma lungaphathwa kahle. Imishini nemishini esetshenziswayo kumele imelane nokugqwala futhi ihambisane nemithetho eqinile.
Ukusebenza kahle
Ukuzenzakalela kwenqubo esitshalweni sokufaka amabhodlela kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle . Imishini ezenzakalelayo ingenza imisebenzi ngezikhathi ezimfushane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nomsebenzi wezandla, inciphise isikhathi sokukhiqiza futhi ithuthukise umkhiqizo jikelele. Lokhu, kuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zihlangabezane nesidingo semakethe ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo.
Ukwehliswa kwezindleko
Ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kuvame ukuholela ekunciphiseni izindleko zokusebenza . Isikhathi esincane esichithwa enkambisweni yokufaka amabhodlela sisho izindleko zabasebenzi eziphansi kanye nokuchitha imali okuncane. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kungaveza izindawo ezingakaze zibonwe ngaphambili okufanele zithuthukiswe.
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi
Ukuzenzakalela kuthuthukisa nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi enqubweni yokufaka amabhodlela. Izinhlelo zesimanje zihlonyiswe ngezinzwa nesofthiwe eqapha futhi ilungise inqubo ngesikhathi sangempela, iqinisekisa ukuthi ibhodlela ngalinye lihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Lokhu akuvikeli nje kuphela idumela lomkhiqizo kodwa futhi kwakha ukuzethemba kwabathengi.
Izinselelo ekufakeni izitshalo emabhodleleni
Ukugcinwa kwemishini
Naphezu kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukulungiswa kwemishini kusalokhu kuyinselele ezitshalweni zokufaka amabhodlela. Ukulungiswa okunganele kungaholela ekungasebenzi kahle okubizayo, okuthinta ukukhiqizwa. Izinhlelo zokulungisa nokuvimbela zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye nemishini zisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ukuthobela okuvamile
Izitshalo zokufaka amabhodlela kumele zihambisane nemithethonqubo eminingi yasendaweni neyamazwe ngamazwe . Lokhu kuhlanganisa konke kusukela ezindinganisweni zezempilo nokuphepha kuya emithethweni yezemvelo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinqubo ziyahambisana nale mithethonqubo kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe izinhlawulo nokugcina imisebenzi yebhizinisi.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusimama
Ukugxila ekusimeni okuzinzile sekuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu embonini. Izitshalo zokufaka amabhodlela zingaphansi kwengcindezi yokusebenzisa imikhuba eqhubekayo, kusukela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki kuya ekunciphiseni imfucuza kanye nokusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo. Ukuzivumelanisa nalezi zindlela kuhilela ukutshala imali kubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokuguqula izinqubo ezikhona.
I-inthanethi yezinto (IoT)
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe- Internet of Things kushintsha kakhulu isimo semboni yamabhodlela. Ngenxa yalobu buchwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuqapha zonke izinqubo ngesikhathi sangempela , okuvumela ukuhlonza ngokushesha ukungasebenzi kahle kanye nokuqaliswa kokuthuthukiswa.
Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha
Ukusetshenziswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha ezitshalweni zokufaka amabhodlela kuzothuthukisa izinqubo, kusukela ekuhleleni ukukhiqiza kuya ekulawulweni kwekhwalithi. Ukuhlaziywa kokubikezela kanye nokuhlaziywa kokuziphatha kwabathengi kuba yinto ebalulekile ekulungiseni ukukhiqiza ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo zemakethe.
Amandla avuselelekayo
Ukushintshela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo ezitshalweni zokufaka amabhodlela kuvela njengento eza kuqala. Lokhu ngeke nje kufake isandla ekuzinzeni kodwa futhi kuzonciphisa izindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside. Ubuchwepheshe obufana namandla elanga nawomoya buyathandwa embonini yokufaka amabhodlela.