I-mutual fund iyimoto yezezimali ehlanganisa inhloko-dolobha yabatshalizimali abambalwa ukuze bathole izimpahla ezihlukene, njengezitoko, amabhondi, kanye nezindawo ezithengiswayo. Ngaphambi kokuqala lo mkhuba, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuthi ungatshala kanjani izimali ezihlangene, kanye namasu nezici eziyisisekelo zokwandisa amathuba akho okuphumelela.
Izinhlobo Zezimali Zotshalomali
Ukuhlukahluka kwezimali zokutshala kuvumela abatshalizimali ukuthi bahlele iphothifoliyo yabo ngokwezidingo zabo kanye nephrofayili yobungozi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
Izimali ze-Equity: Ngokugxila kakhulu ekuthengeni izitoko, lezi zimali zivame ukuba sengozini enkulu kodwa futhi zinikeza amathuba okuba nembuyiselo ephezulu.
Izimali ezingenayo ezigxilile: Kugxilwe kumabhondi namanye amathuluzi esikweletu. Bavame ukuba nengcuphe ephansi kune-equity funds, kodwa imbuyiselo yabo ingaba ngaphansi.
Izimali ezihlanganisiwe: Ihlanganisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kumasheya kanye nemali engenayo engashintshi. Bavumela ubungozi ukuthi bulungiswe ngokuya ngezimo zemakethe.
Izimali zomkhakha: Batshala imali emikhakheni ethile efana nobuchwepheshe, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, noma amandla. Zilungile uma ubheke ukusizakala ngokukhula kwezimboni ezithile.
Izimali zenkomba: Balandelela ukusebenza kwenkomba ethile, njenge-S&P 500. Lezi zibiza kancane ngenxa yokuphatha kwazo okungenzi lutho.
Indlela Yokuhlola Isikhwama Sokutshalwa Kwezimali
Kuhlale kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi ubuyekeze izici ezithile ngaphambi kokukhetha isikhwama. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele:
Umlando Wokusebenza: Nakuba okwedlule akuqinisekisi imiphumela yesikhathi esizayo, ukubona ukusebenza kwesikhwama ezimakethe ezahlukene kungakunikeza umbono ocacile ngokuziphatha kwabo.
Amakhomishini nezindleko: Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwezindleko kubalulekile. Izinkokhelo zingathinta kakhulu izimbuyiselo zakho. Bheka izimali ezinezindleko eziphansi ukuze wandise izimbuyiselo zakho.
Umphathi wesikhwama: Ukuphenya ulwazi lomphathi nefilosofi yokutshalwa kwezimali kungakunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo. Isithunzi somphathi kanye nerekhodi lengoma kubalulekile.
Inqubomgomo yokutshalwa kwezimali: Isikhwama ngasinye sinokugxila kwaso okukhethekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ihambisane nezinhloso zakho zokutshala izimali kanye nokubekezelela ubungozi.
I-Literate Strategies to Investment
Ukusebenzisa amasu afanele kungaba semqoka empumelelweni yokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhwama sakho. Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso:
Ukuhlukahluka: Ungabeki wonke amaqanda akho kubhasikidi owodwa. Ukutshala izimali eziningana zezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye namazwe kunganciphisa ubungozi.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside: Imakethe inokwehla nokwenyuka; ukubamba utshalomali lwakho isikhathi eside kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise ukuntengantenga futhi usebenzise ukukhula.
Thatha ithuba lenzalo ehlanganisiwe: Buyisela izinzuzo zakho ukuze ukhulise imali yakho esikhathini eside. Yilapho imininingwane emincane ingenza khona umehluko omkhulu.
Izici zezomthetho nezokuphatha
Ukuqonda izici ezingokomthetho zezimali zokutshalwa kwezimali kubalulekile. Qiniseka ukuthi:
Funda i-fund prospectus: Le dokhumenti ine lonke ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesikhwama, okuhlanganisa izinhloso zaso, ubungozi kanye nezindleko.
Yazi imithetho yaseSpainZijwayeze nomthetho olawula izimali ezweni lakini. E-Spain, i-National Securities Market Commission (CNMV) yengamele lezi zinkampani.
Amathuluzi Okulandelela
Uma usuyitshalile, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi afanele kuzokusiza ukuthi ugade iphothifoliyo yakho. Izinkundla ezilandelayo ziwusizo:
Izinkundla zokutshala imali: Eziningi zazo zinikeza ukufinyelela olwazini lokusebenza kwemakethe, ukuhlaziya, kanye nezindaba. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi: I-Morningstar (Nofollow) kanye I-Yahoo Ezezimali (Akulandeli).
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula: Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zikuvumela ukuthi ulandelele ukusebenza kwezimali ozitshalile ngesikhathi sangempela, okwenza ukulandelela kube lula.
Iseluleko sezezimali: Uma uthanda, ukucabangela umeluleki wezezimali ozokuqondisa ezinqumweni ezibalulekile kungaba yinzuzo.
Iholo kanye Nentela
Lapho utshala izimali, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi inzuzo yakho intela kanjani. E-Spain, ukubuyiselwa kwesikhwama sokutshalwa kwezimali kufakwe kusisekelo sentela yokonga. Okucatshangelwayo kuhlanganisa:
Ukubanjwa kwentela: Kunamazinga entela ahluka kuye ngenani lenzuzo etholiwe. Njengoba inzuzo ikhula, izinga lentela liyakhula.
Ukukhululwa ekutshaleni kabusha: Uma unquma ukutshala kabusha inzuzo yakho esikhwameni esifanayo, ungase ugweme ukukhokha izintela uze wenze imbuyiselo.
Isitatimende semali engenayo: Hlala uphezu kwezibopho zakho zentela, okuhlanganisa ukuthi izimali kufanele zibikwe, ngisho noma kungekho mbuyiselo eyenziwe.
Ulwazi Nemfundo
Imfundo yezezimali iyisici esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukwenza kwakho izinqumo. Hlala ubheka izindlela zokuqhubeka uzifundise:
Ukufunda izincwadi zokutshala imali: Kunemisebenzi eminingi ekhuluma ngokuziphatha kwemakethe, izindlela zokutshala imali, nezimiso zezimali.
Izifundo eziku-inthanethi: Amapulatifomu afana ne-Coursera noma i-Udemy (Nofollow) anikela ngezifundo zezimali nezimali zokutshala.
Amasemina nama-webinars: Le misebenzi ingakunikeza ulwazi lwakamuva kanye nemibono yochwepheshe.
Imicabango Yokugcina Ngokutshala Ezimalini
Ukutshala izimali ku-mutual funds kudinga ukuzinikela nolwazi. Isinqumo ngasinye asithinti iholo lakho kuphela kodwa nolwazi lwakho lokutshalwa kwezimali. Ukuzinika isikhathi sokuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimali, ukuhlola izici zazo, nokuthuthukisa amasu ahambisanayo kuvula indlela ethembisayo yokukhula kwezimali.