Izinhlelo zokulawula zomzimba ziyinhliziyo engabonakali egcina umzimba wethu ulinganisela. Ake ucabange okwesikhashana ukuthi umzimba wakho ungumshini ohambisana kahle , lapho igiya ngalinye linomsebenzi walo futhi konke kumele kusebenze ngokuvumelana. Nokho, izinhlelo zokulawula zingabaqondisi be-orchestra abaqinisekisa ukuthi le symphony yezinto eziphilayo ayiphumi endleleni.
Kodwa ziyini ngempela lezi zinhlelo futhi zisebenza kanjani? Ake singene ezweni elithakazelisayo lokulawula okubalulekile ukuze siqonde ukuthi imizimba yethu igcina kanjani ibhalansi ebucayi esivumela ukuba siphile.
Umzimba womuntu: ubuciko bokuzilawula
Umzimba wethu uwumshini onembile osebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto. Kusukela ekushiseni komzimba kuya emazingeni kashukela egazini, umfutho wegazi, kanye ne-pH yoketshezi lwethu, konke kubhekwa ngokucophelela . Futhi yilapho izinhlelo zokulawula zisebenza khona.
Lezi zinhlelo zifana nama-thermostat ezinto eziphilayo ahlala elinganisa, ehlola, futhi elungisa amapharamitha ahlukene ukuze awagcine ngaphakathi kwamazinga afanele. Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani uqala ukujuluka uma kushisa noma uqhaqhazela uma ubanda? Leso uhlelo lwakho lokulawula izinga lokushisa olusebenzayo.
I-Homeostasis: isihluthulelo sokulinganisela
Umqondo we-homeostasis uyisisekelo sokuqonda ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zisebenza kanjani. Eqanjwe yisazi se-physiology uWalter Cannon ngo-1926, i-homeostasis ibhekisela ekhonweni lomzimba lokugcina indawo yangaphakathi ezinzile naphezu kwezinguquko endaweni yangaphandle.
Zicabange ungukapteni womkhumbi ozulazula emanzini aneziyaluyalu. Umsebenzi wakho ukugcina inkambo nokuzinza naphezu kwamagagasi nomoya. Yilokho kanye okwenziwa amasistimu okulawula emzimbeni wakho: ahlala emzileni naphezu kwanoma yiziphi “iziphepho” ezingase ziphakame.
Izingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu yokulawula
Ukuze siqonde kangcono ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zisebenza kanjani, ake sizihlukanise zibe izingxenye zazo . Uhlelo lokulawula olujwayelekile luqukethe izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- Umamukeli: Nguye inzwa ethola izinguquko kokuguquguquka okuthile.
- Isikhungo sokulawula: Ihumusha imininingwane evela kumamukeli bese inquma ukuthi yisiphi isenzo okufanele sithathwe.
- Umenzi: Nguye isitho noma izicubu elenza isenzo sokulungisa.
Ake sithathe ukulawulwa kweglucose yegazi njengesibonelo. Amaseli e-pancreas asebenza njengama-receptors, athola amazinga kashukela. Amanyikwe ngokwawo ayisikhungo sokulawula, esinqumayo ukuthi ayikhiphe i-insulin noma iglucagon. Futhi izicubu ezimunca noma ezikhulula i-glucose yizona ezinomthelela.
Impendulo: umjikelezo omuhle
Umqondo obalulekile ezinhlelweni zokulawula impendulo . Le ndlela ivumela uhlelo ukuthi luzilungise njalo ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yezenzo zalo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Impendulo engemihle: Yiyona evame kakhulu. Thatha isinyathelo ukulwa noshintsho, ibuyisela isistimu endaweni yayo yokulingana.
- Impendulo eyakhayo: Akuvamile, ikhulisa ushintsho kunokuphikisa. Iwusizo ezimweni ezinjengokubeletha noma ukujiya kwegazi.
Amasistimu okulawula ayasebenza
Manje njengoba sesizazi izinto eziyisisekelo, ake sibheke ezinye izibonelo ezibambekayo zokuthi lezi zinhlelo zigcina kanjani imizimba yethu isebenza njengewashi.
Umthethonqubo wokushisa kwamakhophi
Umzimba wakho ufana nesitshalo samandla esincane . I-hypothalamus, isifunda sobuchopho, isebenza njenge-thermostat, ithola ulwazi oluvela kuma-receptor esikhumbeni nasezithweni zangaphakathi. Uma kushisa, kwandisa imithambo yegazi futhi kusebenze izindlala zokujuluka ukuze zikupholise. Uma kubanda, kunciphisa imithambo yegazi futhi kubangele ukuthuthumela ukuze kukhiqize ukushisa.
Ukulawula i-pH yegazi
I-pH yegazi lakho kumele igcinwe ngaphakathi kwebanga elincane kakhulu (phakathi kuka-7.35 no-7.45) ukuze amaseli akho asebenze kahle. Amaphaphu nezinso zisebenza ndawonye ukulawula amazinga e-carbon dioxide ne-bicarbonate egazini, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwa ibhalansi ye-acid-base.
Ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi
Uhlelo lwakho lwenhliziyo lufana nenethiwekhi yamapayipi anomfutho ohlukahlukene . Ama-baroreceptor emithanjeni athola izinguquko ekucindezelweni. Ubuchopho bucubungula lolu lwazi futhi bungalungisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo , ukuminyana kwemithambo yegazi, kanye nokugcinwa koketshezi ukuze kugcinwe amazinga omfutho afanele.
Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zinhlelo zokulawula zingase zingasebenzi kahle , okuholela ezimweni ezahlukene zezokwelapha. Isifo sikashukela, isibonelo, siwukwehluleka kohlelo lokulawula ushukela. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungabangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kokulawulwa komfutho wegazi.
Ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zisebenza kanjani akusisizi nje kuphela ukuthi siqonde ubunzima bemizimba yethu , kodwa futhi kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukwelashwa. Imithi eminingi isebenza ngokuphazamisa noma ukuthuthukisa lezi zindlela zokulawula.
Izinhlelo zokulawula zomzimba zingabalindi abathule bempilo yethu, zisebenza ngokungakhathali ukuze zilondoloze ibhalansi ebucayi esiyidingayo ukuze siphile. Ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uzithola ujuluka ngosuku olushisayo noma uthuthumela ebusuku obubandayo, khumbula ukuthi ubona laba baphathi bokulawula besebenza. Umzimba wakho ungobuciko bobunjiniyela bezinto eziphilayo, kanti izinhlelo zokulawula zingabaqondisi abagcina le orchestra ebalulekile idlala ngokuvumelana okuphelele.